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Trial registered on ANZCTR

Registration number

ACTRN12611000664943

Ethics application status

Approved

Date submitted

24/06/2011

Date registered

30/06/2011

Date last updated

30/06/2011

Type of registration

Retrospectively registered

Titles & IDs

Public title

Training produces substantial improvements in muscle strength, grip strength and range of motion (ROM) of the dominant arm in wheelchair basketball (WCB) players

Scientific title

Among male wheelchair basketball players does strength training improve shoulder flexion strength?

Secondary ID [1]

Nil

Universal Trial Number (UTN)

U1111-1122-1703

Trial acronym

Linked study record

Health condition

Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:

spinal cord injuries

wheelchair basketball strength of upper extremity

wheelchair basketball ROM of upper extremity

Condition category

Condition code

Neurological

Other neurological disorders

Musculoskeletal

Other muscular and skeletal disorders

Intervention/exposure

Study type

Interventional

Description of intervention(s) / exposure

The frequency of sessions was 3 times / week for 10 weeks
a) upper body weight training; b) the duration of each session, was 45 minutes; c) the volume of sessions, was 3 sets of 10 repetitions for 10 different exercises; d) the intensity of sessions, was 60-70% 1-RM; and e) the mode of administration, was small group sessions supervised by a sport therapist.

Intervention code [1]

Rehabilitation

Intervention code [2]

Treatment: Other

Comparator / control treatment

no treatment

Control group

Active

Outcomes

Primary outcome [1]

Shoulder flexion strength > 10 Newtons
using Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System (MMT)

Timepoint [1]

Baseline and after 10 weeks

Primary outcome [2]

Shoulder internal rotation strength > 10 Newtons
using Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System (MMT)

Timepoint [2]

Baseline and after 10 weeks

Primary outcome [3]

Wrist flexion strength > 10 Newtons
using Lafayette Manual Muscle Test System (MMT)

Timepoint [3]

Baseline and after 10 weeks

Secondary outcome [1]

Wrist flexion - extension ROM
using a double arm goniometer based on the standardized measurement procedure in physical therapy

Timepoint [1]

Baseline and after 10 weeks

Secondary outcome [2]

Grip strength 2nd handle position> 5 lbs
using Jamar Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer

Timepoint [2]

Baseline and after 10 weeks

Eligibility

Key inclusion criteria

age 20-45 years
at least 2 years of WCB training

Minimum age

20 Years

Maximum age

45 Years

Sex

Males

Can healthy volunteers participate?

Key exclusion criteria

1. associated lesions of other structures of the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints
2. neurological disease of upper limb

Study design

Purpose of the study

Treatment

Allocation to intervention

Randomised controlled trial

Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)

The procedure for enrolling a subject was
central randomisation by phone

Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)

Simple randomisation using coin-tossing

Masking / blinding

Blinded (masking used)

Who is / are masked / blinded?

Intervention assignment

Parallel

Other design features

Phase

Not Applicable

Type of endpoint/s

Efficacy

Statistical methods / analysis

Recruitment

Recruitment status

Completed

Date of first participant enrolment

Anticipated

15/12/2010

Actual

Date of last participant enrolment

Anticipated

Actual

Date of last data collection

Anticipated

Actual

Sample size

Target

Accrual to date

Final

Recruitment outside Australia

Country [1]

Greece

State/province [1]

Funding & Sponsors

Funding source category [1]

University

Name [1]

Department of Physical Education and Sport Science / Aristotle University of Thessalonica

Address [1]

Egnatia & 3rd September
P.C.54006
Thermi
Thessaloniki

Country [1]

Greece

Primary sponsor type

Individual

Name

Konstantinos Vathrakokoilis

Address

PhD - Department of Physical Education and Sport Science
Aristotle University Thessalonica
Pavlou Mela 1, 54621
Thessaloniki

Country

Greece

Secondary sponsor category [1]

Individual

Name [1]

Athanasios Kitsios

Address [1]

Assistant Professor
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science
Aristotle University Thessalonica
Demou Tseliou 8, 54454
Thessaloniki

Country [1]

Greece

Ethics approval

Ethics application status

Approved

Ethics committee name [1]

Aristotle University Presidents Committee on Ethical Consideration in Human Experimentation

Ethics committee address [1]

Egnatia & 3rd September
P.C. 54006,
Thessaloniki

Ethics committee country [1]

Greece

Date submitted for ethics approval [1]

Approval date [1]

23/06/2011

Ethics approval number [1]

39879/2011

Summary

Brief summary

The movement dynamics related to wheelchair handling are crucial to WCB performance (Vanlandewijck et al 2001). Researchers stated that WCB shooting requires shoulder flexion, strong and full forearm extension to get the ball to the basket (Owen et al 1982). Krause et al. (1999) pointed out that when players rebound the ball, their first move should be to bring the ball in under the chin, gripping it tightly. Thus, grip strength seems to be very important factor on WCB performance. A greater wrist extension in the preparation phase increases the angular excursion (flexion and extension) of the wrist in WCB shooting (Wang et al 2005) thus, ROM of wrist joint in flexion/extension are definitely important to WCB (Nyland et al 1997, Nunome et al 2002). Generally, muscle strengthening exercises are important not only for a better performance but also for a great dynamic stabilization of the joints and injury prevention (Myer et al 2006, Niederbracht et al 2008, Smith et al 2008). The possibility that strength training alone might inhibit flexibility gains should be considered when prescribing exercise programs.  Poor flexibility is typically thought to limit athletic performance by limiting the range of motion, and can result in torn muscle or connective tissue.Therefore the specific research questions for this study were:			
1. Does strength training enhances muscle strength and grip strength of WCB players?								
2. Do strength adaptations affect flexibility (ROM) of shoulder, elbow and wrist joints of the dominant arm on WCB?

Trial website

Trial related presentations / publications

Public notes

Contacts

Principal investigator

Name

Address

Country

Phone

Fax

Contact person for public queries

Name

Konstantinos Vathrakokoilis

Address

Aristotle University of Thesalonica
Pavlou Mela 1,
P.C. 54621,
Thessaloniki

Country

Greece

Phone

+30 6930 450 450

Fax

+30 2310 240 860

[email protected]

Contact person for scientific queries

Name

Konstantinos Vathrakokoilis

Address

Aristotle University Thesalonica
Pavlou Mela 1,
P.C. 54621,
Thessaloniki

Country

Greece

Phone

+30 6930 450 450

Fax

+30 2310 240 860

[email protected]

No information has been provided regarding IPD availability

What supporting documents are/will be available?

No Supporting Document Provided

Results publications and other study-related documents

Documents added manually

No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.

Documents added automatically

No additional documents have been identified.

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